The exploration of an individual’s mental functions has always been an important issue in Western philosophy. Individually Centered Definition Models of Mental Health and Their Limitations Both models have limitations: They cannot properly explain the Yin–Yang model, which is constructed based on Confucian moralism and Taoist liberalism in the context of traditional Chinese culture. The former is built on egoism, emphasizing the individual’s normal psychological state or happiness maintained by satisfying individual desires the latter, based on Confucian morals, equates mental health with a sense of morality. These models can be divided into two types according to their cultural backgrounds: One is the individually centered definition model of mental health based on Western culture the other is the non-individually centered mental health model based on Eastern culture. With this in mind, they have set out to find models of mental health based on different cultural traditions ( Kuo and Kavanagh, 1994 Office of the Surgeon General, Center for Mental Health Services, and National Institute of Mental Health. With the development of cross-cultural psychology, psychologists have found it difficult to build a model of mental health that can be universally applied to all cultural communities ( Galderisi et al., 2015 Zhaoyan, 2017). In recent decades, as the WHO definition of mental health has been widely used in the academic world, many psychologists have devoted themselves to constructing a universal mental health definition model. Although the term mental health was used in Europe as early as the mid-19th century ( Rosen, 2015), until recently, mental health has lacked a clear and universal definition ( Bertolote, 2008 Galderisi et al., 2015).
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